Ram



July 5, 1949. s, MANDL 2,475,040

RAM

Filed March 24, 1944 INVENTOR.

Patented July 5, 1949 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE RAM Siegmund Mandi, Milwaukee, Wis., assignor to Blackhawk Mfg. (20., Milwaukee, Wis., a cor-. poration of Wisconsin Application March 24, 1944, Serial No. 527,862

2 Claims. 1

The present invention relates in, general to improvements in mechanism tor applying force to diverse objects with the aid of fluid pressure, and relates more specifically to improvements in the construction and .operation of hydraulically actuated rams and, accessories.

The principal object of this invention is to provide an improved ram assemblage which is simple, compact. and durable in construction, and which is also highly eiiicient in use and flexible in its adaptations.

It has heretofore been common practice to provide a compact hydraulic ram capable oi being set and, operated in any desired position remote from a hydrauli p mp r he ou c 01" li u under pressure for delivering actuating liquid to and from the ram through a flexible hose or the like. The type of portable jack or ram heretofore. employed in this manner, usually consisted of a cylinder adapted to be placed in contact with a fixed reaction support, and a plunger movable with the cylinder and formed for co,- action with the body or object to which force or pressure was to be applied. While this particular type of jack is relatively satisfactory for performing many classes of work, it is not well adapted and is quite difficult to utilize for some purposes, such as for insertion and removal of plugs, disks, bushings or the like with respect to holes within which such parts are normally firmly seated. Elements of this kind must frequently be inserted and replaced without damaging the coacting parts, and in extremely cramped localities, and all of the prior power ram assemblages have proven relatively objectionable and quite unsuitable for this particular purpose, as well as for other classes of special work. Although some of these difliculties have been overcome with the aid of portable push-pull rams such as shown and described in my copending application Serial No. 517,685, filed J anuary 10, 1944, now abandoned, even this prior ram assemblage does not obviate all of the annoyances and inconveniences encountered.

It is therefore an object oi my present invention to provide :3, improved ram structure which is especially adapted for the performance of numerous classes of work which could not be conveniently and efiectively performed with prior ram assemblages.

Another object of this invention is to provide a compact but powerful hydraulic jack assemblage especially adapted to insert or remove elements such as bushings, plugs, disks or the like relative to the bores within which they are normally snugly confined, and which is capable of performing many spec a classes of work.

A further object of the present invention is to provide a portable hydraulic ram which may be advantageously utilized in the performance of work involving the insertion or withdrawal of relatively small machine elements into or from relatively inaccessible cavities, and wherever the operation is facilitated by moving the cylinder instead of the ram plunger.

Still another object of the invention is to provide an improved mm for manipulating sleeves or bushings of diverse lengths relative to their mal. o ing. res i hout da a ing e ther the tubular elements or the bores and in an expeditious manner.

An additional object oi my invention is to provide an improved single acting ram assemblage for performing various classes of Work which has heretofore been difiicult to perform, and which a be ma u actured at modera t.

These and other objects and advantages of the invention will be apparent from the following detailed description; and some of the novel featureS of hydraulic ra n construction, shown but not specifically claimed herein, form the subject of m e adin ap l c tion Serial No. 517, filed January 10, 194%, now abandoned.

A clear conception of the several improved features constituting this invention, and of the manner of constructing and of utilizing several different types of my improved hydraulic ram, may be hadby referring to the drawing accompanying and iorming a part of this specification wherein like reference characters designate the same or similar parts in the various views.

Fig. 1 is a longitudinal central section through one type of my improved ram, showing the plunger completely retracted and also depictin one method of applying the ram to .a bushing which is to be withdrawn from its confining bore;

Fig. 2 is a similar section through the same ram assemblage, showing the plunger forced outwardly to its fullest extent and the bushing withdrawn from its bore;

eis a longitudinal central section t ou h a l r hy r lic am h vi an. improved attachment and a modified pull rod associated therewith; and

Fig. 4 is also a longitudinal central section throu somewhat similar but, slightly modified push-pull ram.

Whil the invention has been illustrated as be-v ns, d a ta eou ly a plica le to a portable h draulic ram especially adapted to pull machine elements from within confining sockets or to insert the elements therein by moving the cylinder relative to the ram plunger, it is not my intention to thereby unnecessarily restrict the scope of utility of the improved features of construction.

Referring specifically to Figs. 1 and 2, the improved ram assemblange shown therein, is advantageously applicable for the purpose of inserting or removing tubular bodies or bushings 6 into or from their normal confining sockets 01' bores 7 formed in diverse members 8, and this ram comprises a tubular cylinder 9 having an inher wall 56 cooperating with an annular outer well i I to provide an elongated annular displacement chamber !2 having one end open; and an annular piston or plunger l3 snugly engaging the cylinder walls H], H and being relatively movable within the displacement chamber l2 and having an outer end M projecting outwardly beyond the open chamber end, the outward motion of the plunger I3 being limited by a stop collar i5 secured to the outer end of the inner cylinder wall it! and coacting with an annular abutment it formed on the plunger.

The inner and outer walls I0, I I of the cylinder 9 are rigidly interconnected by an end wall 11, and liquid may be delivered to and from the sealed adjacent end of the annular displacement chamber l2 through a pipe or flexible hose attached to a socket I8, and a port 20 connecting the threaded socket is with the chamber l2. The pressure receiving end of the piston or plunger 63 which is exposed directly to the liquid within the chamber [2, has internal and external surfaces which snugly engage the external and internal surfaces respectively of the inner and outer walls Ill, H; and inner and outer annular packings 2t, 22 may be provided at this end of the plunger IS. The inner cylinder wall l may also be provided with a central through bore 23, .and with a concentric threaded socket 24 for the reception of a cap screw 25 at the outer end of this central bore 23; and this inner wall In projects outwardly beyond the outer wall II and is screw threaded for reception of the stop collar l5. This stop collar i is provided with. end notches 26 formed for application of a spanner wrench, and may be applied or removed with the aid of such a wrench so as to permit ready assembly or dismantling of the entire ram. The outer end of the plunger l3 and the corresponding end of the outer cylinder wall II, are also preferably provided with external screw threads 27, 28 respectively, for the purpose of applying accessories to the ram, but these screw threads 21, 28 and the central bore 23 are not essential.

During normal use of the ram assemblange shown in Figs. 1 and 2, for the purpose of withdrawing bushings 6 from bores 1 formed in the fixed member 8, the portable ram may be applied to each bushing 6 in the manner illustrated in Fig. 1 by inserting the cap screw 25 through the bushing and screwing the threaded cap screw end into the threaded central socket 24 of the inner cylinder wall It. Such application of the ram to the work can only be accomplished when the plunger [3 has been fully retracted within the cylinder 9, and after the cap screw 25 has been attached to the cylinder wall It, liquid under pressure may be admitted to the displacement chamber i 2. This admission of liquid to the cylinder 9, will first cause the outer end M of the annular plunger l3 to contact the fixed member 8 outwardly beyond the bore 1 so as to positively arrest the motion of th plunger, and after the plunger movement has been thus stopped, continued admission of liquid to the chamber l2 will cause the cylinder 9 to move along the fixed plunger l3 thereby pulling the bushing 6 out of the bore '1 in line with its central axis. The stop collar l5 carried by the outer extremity of the inner cylinder wall i0 will eventually engage the plunger abutment It as shown in Fig. 2, whereupon the liquid pressure Within the chamber l2 may be released to again retract the plunger [3 and the withdrawn bushing 6 may be disconnected from the ram cylinder by removing the cap screw 25 in an obvious manner with the aid of a screw driver. In this manner, successive bushings 5 of lesser diameter than the internal bore of the plunger l3 and of limited length, may be quickly and efiectively pulled from within their confining bores 7, without danger of damaging the bushings or the members 8.

In order to insert a new bushing 6 within a bore 1, while likewise using the plunger [3 as an abutment and moving the cylinder I I relative thereto, it is only necessary to provide a longer screw 25 and to pre-position the new bushing 6 in axial alinement with the bore 7 and about the screw 25 on the side of the member 8 remote from the ram. By thereafter admitting fluid under pressure to the chamber l2, the plunger i 3 will engage the member 8 and the cylinder H will be moved to pull the new bushing B into the bore 7.

While the ram assemblange of Fig. 3 is quite similar to that shown in Figs. 1 and 2, it is additionally provided with an improved reaction fixture or attachment 29 carried by the screw threaded outer end M of the plunger l3 and with a central elongated pull bolt 30 and a threaded 1 hand wheel 3! adjustable therealong, for the purpose of pulling disks 32 or the like from within relatively large bores 33 formed in members 34. The special attachment 29 has a central bore 35 of greater diameter than that of the member 3 bores 33 within which the disks 32 are normally confined, so that the end of the attachment 29 may be brought into engagement with the fixed member 34 outwardly beyond each disk confining bore 33. The opposite end of the attachment 29 is internally screw threaded for firm but detachable application thereof to the outer end threads 27 of the plunger I3, and the threaded shank of the bolt 30 is snugly but adjustably confined within the central bore 23 of the inner cylinder wall It] while the wheel 3| is adapted to coact with the threaded bolt end and with the end wall I! of the cylinder 9. In cases where the central openings in the disks 32 are larger than the diameter of the pull rod or bolt 30, a bushing 36 may be inserted between each disk 32 and the head of the bolt 30 as shown.

When this modified assemblage has been applied to the work as shown in Fig. 3, and liquid is admitted to the displacement chamber l2, the reaction attachment 29 will contact the fixed member 34 and the annular piston or plunger l3 will be held in fixed position, while the cylinder 9 is moved relative to the plunger l3 away from the member 34 thereby causing the bolt 30 to withdraw the disk 32 from its confining bore 33 in axial alinement with this bore. After the disk 32 has been pulled into the bore 35 of the reaction attachment 29, the plunger l3 may be retracted and the hand wheel 3| may be removed from the bolt 30 so as to release the removed disk 32; and the elongated threaded bolt 30 and wheel 3| may obviously be utilized for the dual purpose of pulling relatively long sleeves or thicker disks 32 by successive increments from within deeper confining bores 33, and for reloading the ram plunger l3 when extended. The bushings 36 may also be made of various diameters and shapes dependent upon the class of work to be performed, and the attachment 29 with its enlarged bore 35 will obviously permit relatively large disks 32 or similar elements, to be quickly removed from their confining bores or sockets, without damaging the parts. This assemblage may also be used to insert bushings or disks within their normal confining bores as hereinabove described.

The modified jack or ram assemblage shown diagrammatically in Fig. 4 is likewise similar to the rams of Figs. 1 to 3 inclusive, but in this modification, the ram plunger I3 is provided with an enlarged outer end 14 which is provided with external screw threads 21' of the same diameter and formation as the screw threads 28 formed on the adjacent end of the outer cylinder wall H. The modified reaction attachment 29 illustrated in Fig. 4 has internal attaching threads adapted to interchangeably coact with either the screw threads 21' of the plunger l3, or with the screw threads 28 of the cylinder 9; and the pull rod 31 which extends through the central bore 23 of the inner cylinder wall ID, has one end 38 threaded for direct attachment to plugs or other objects which are to be displaced, while its opposite end is threaded for a considerable distance for coaction with either a hand wheel 3! or a nut 3i, and is provided with a slot 39 for the reception of a screw driver or the like. The attachment 29' is also provided with laterally projecting lugs 40 or with internal and external screw threads adjoining its outer end for engaging certain classes of work when the attachment 29' is applied to the cylinder threads 28.

This modified ram assemblage of Fig. 4, may obviously be applied to threaded plugs or the like having screw threads cooperable with the pull rod end 38, from the rear end of the ram and without necessity of getting directly at the opposite end 38 of the rod 31, since the pull rod can be rotated with the aid of the end slot 39 so as to effect adjustment of the nut 3| and application of the rod end 38 to the work. When the reaction member or attachment 29 is applied to the plunger end M as in Fig. 4, the cylinder 9 may be moved relative to the plunger 13 in order to pull plugs, bushings or the like through the pull rod 31 either into or out of bores as hereinabove described; but by applying the attachment 29 to the cylinder threads 28, the plunger end l4 and the lugs 40 may be caused to cooperate with various kinds of work so as to either push or pull removable elements therefrom.

From the foregoing detailed description it will be apparent that the present invention provides a simple, compact and powerful single acting ram assemblage, which is especially adapted to insert or pull plugs, bushings, sleeves or similar elements into or from within confining sockets or bores, in an expeditious manner. While only a few methods of utilizing the improved ram have been shown and described herein, the apparatus is capable of many other uses, but the important feature of the present invention is the provision of a ram assemblage wherein the plunger [3 alone or combined with an attachment 29, 29, provide an assemblage which may be utilized as the reaction element, while the cylinder 9 is movable relative to the plunger l3 and functions as the work displacement element adapted to draw the work into the outer unobstructed end of the assemblage. The improved reaction attachments 23, 25) are obviously adapted to permit the pushing or pulling of sleeves, bushings, disks, plugs and the like having greater diameter than the internal diameter of the plunger 9, and by utilizing a pull rod 31 such as shown in Fig. 4, the ram assemblage can be conveniently applied to work which is otherwise relatively inaccessible. The improved jack or ram by virtue of its simplicity,

can obviously be manufactured at moderate cost besides being extremely flexible in its adaptations and uses, and while the ram is especially useful when the liquid is admitted thereto and released therefrom through a, flexible hose, the assemblage may obviously be fixedly mounted in cases where the work can be brought directly to the ram.

It should be understood that it is not desired to limit this invention to the exact details of construction or to the precise mode of use, herein shown and described, for various modifications within the scope of the claims may occur to persons skilled in the art.

I claim:

1. A portable push-pull ram comprising, a cylinder having inner and outer concentric tubular walls forming an annular elongated displacement chamber closed at one end and open at the other end, said inner wall being longer than said outer wall and projecting outwardly therebeyond, an annular elongated plunger of approximately the same length as said longer inner wall movable along said chamber and having an outer end also projecting outwardly beyond said outer wall, a reaction member secured to said outer plunger end and having a central bore considerably greater in diameter than the external diameter of said inner cylinder wall, means for attaching movable work to said cylinder centrally of said inner well, and means for admittin fluid to the closed end of said chamber to move said cylinder along said plunger and to pull the movable work into said member bore.

2. A portable push-pull ram comprising, a cylinder having inner and outer concentric tubular walls forming an annular elongated displacement chamber closed at one end and open at the other end, said inner Wall being longer than said outer wall and projecting outwardly therebeyond, an annular elongated plunger of approximately the same length as said longer inner Wall movable along said chamber and having an outer end also projecting outwardly beyond said outer wall, a reaction member secured to said outer plunger end and having a central bore considerably greater in diameter than the external diameter of said inner cylinder wall, an elongated element extending centrally entirely through said inner cylinder wall and having one end disposable beyond said reaction member and attachable to movable work while its opposite end is screw threaded and projects beyond the closed end of said cylinder, means adjustable along said screw thread element end to vary the effective length of the element, and means for admitting fluid to the closed end of said chamber to move said cylinder along said plunger and to cause said element to pull the movable work into said member bore.

SIEGMUND MANDL.

(References on following page) REFERENCES CITED Number The following references are of record in the file of thls patent: 2356899 UNITED STATES PATENTS 5 Number Name Date Number 1,371,861 Clark Mar. 15, 1921 541,279

Name Date Tilssner Apr. 29, 1930 Frye et a1 June 4, 1935 stutter Aug. 29, 1944 FOREIGN PATENTS Country Date Great Britain Nov. 20, 1941 

